Njengengxenye ebalulekile yokuhlolwa kwezakhiwo zemishini yezinto ezibonakalayo, ukuhlolwa kokudonsa kudlala indima ebalulekile ekukhiqizweni kwezimboni, ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni kwezinto ezibonakalayo, njll. Kodwa-ke, amanye amaphutha avamile azoba nomthelela omkhulu ekunembeni kwemiphumela yokuhlolwa. Uke waqaphela le mininingwane?
1. Inzwa yamandla ayihambisani nezidingo zokuhlola:
Inzwa yamandla iyisici esibalulekile ekuhlolweni kokudonsa, futhi ukukhetha inzwa yamandla efanele kubalulekile. Amanye amaphutha avamile afaka: ukungalinganisi inzwa yamandla, ukusebenzisa inzwa yamandla enobubanzi obungafanele, kanye nokuguga kwenzwa yamandla ukuze kubangele ukwehluleka.
Isixazululo:
Izici ezilandelayo kufanele zicatshangelwe lapho kukhethwa inzwa yamandla efaneleke kakhulu ngokwesampula:
1. Ububanzi bezinzwa zamandla:
Nquma ububanzi bezinzwa zamandla ezidingekayo ngokusekelwe kumanani aphezulu naphansi amandla emiphumela edingekayo yesampula yakho yokuhlola. Isibonelo, kumasampula epulasitiki, uma kokubili amandla okudonsa kanye ne-modulus kudingeka kulinganiswe, kubalulekile ukucabangela ngokuphelele ububanzi bamandla ale miphumela emibili ukuze ukhethe inzwa yamandla efanele.
2. Ububanzi bokunemba nokunemba:
Amazinga ajwayelekile okunemba kwezinzwa zamandla angu-0.5 no-1. Uma sithatha u-0.5 njengesibonelo, ngokuvamile kusho ukuthi iphutha elikhulu elivunyelwe uhlelo lokulinganisa lingaphakathi kuka-±0.5% wenani elibonisiwe, hhayi u-±0.5% wesilinganiso esigcwele. Kubalulekile ukuhlukanisa lokhu.
Isibonelo, ngenzwa yamandla angu-100N, lapho kulinganiswa inani lamandla angu-1N, u-±0.5% wenani elibonisiwe liyiphutha elingu-±0.005N, kuyilapho u-±0.5% wesilinganiso esigcwele kuyiphutha elingu-±0.5N.
Ukuba nokunemba akusho ukuthi lonke ibanga linokunemba okufanayo. Kumelwe kube nomkhawulo ophansi. Ngalesi sikhathi, kuncike ebangeni lokunemba.
Uma sithatha izinhlelo ezahlukene zokuhlola njengesibonelo, izinzwa zamandla ochungechunge lwe-UP2001 & UP-2003 zingahlangabezana nokunemba kwezinga elingu-0.5 kusukela esikalini esigcwele kuya ku-1/1000 wesikali esigcwele.
I-fixture ayifaneleki noma ukusebenza akulungile:
I-fixture iyi-medium exhumanisa i-force sensor kanye ne-specimen. Indlela yokukhetha i-fixture izothinta ngqo ukunemba nokuthembeka kokuhlolwa kokuthambekela. Kusukela ekubukekeni kokuhlolwa, izinkinga ezinkulu ezibangelwa ukusebenzisa i-fixtures engafanele noma ukusebenza okungalungile ukushelela noma ukuphuka kwemihlathi.
Ukushelela:
Ukushelela okusobala kakhulu kwesampula yisampula ephuma endaweni yokubopha noma ukuguquguquka kwamandla okungavamile kwejika. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungahlulelwa nangokumaka uphawu eduze kwendawo yokubopha ngaphambi kokuhlolwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi umugqa wophawu ukude yini nobuso bokubopha, noma ukuthi kukhona yini uphawu lokuhudula ophawu lwezinyo lendawo yokubopha yesampula.
Isixazululo:
Uma kutholakala ukushelela, qala uqinisekise ukuthi i-clamp ephathwayo iqinisiwe yini lapho ubopha isampula, ukuthi umfutho womoya we-clamp yomoya mkhulu ngokwanele, nokuthi ubude be-clamp yesampula buyanele yini.
Uma kungekho nkinga ngokusebenza, cabanga ukuthi ukukhetha ubuso be-clamp noma be-clamp kufanelekile yini. Isibonelo, amapuleti ensimbi kufanele ahlolwe ngobuso be-clamp obunezinsika esikhundleni sobuso be-clamp obubushelelezi, kanti irabha enokuguquguquka okukhulu kufanele isebenzise ama-clamp azikhiyayo noma asebenzisa umoya esikhundleni sama-clamp asunduza ngesandla.
Ukuphuka kwemihlathi:
Isixazululo:
Imihlathi yesampula iyaphuka, njengoba igama lisho, lapho i-clamping point ibekwa khona. Njengokushelela, kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ingcindezi yokucindezela ku-clamping likhulu kakhulu, ukuthi i-clamp noma ubuso bomhlathi bukhethwe ngendlela efanele, njll.
Isibonelo, lapho kwenziwa ukuhlolwa kokudonsa ngentambo, umfutho womoya omningi uzokwenza ukuthi isampula iphuke emihlathini, okuholela ekuqineni okuphansi kanye nobude; ekuhlolweni kwefilimu, kufanele kusetshenziswe imihlathi eboshwe ngerabha noma imihlathi yokuxhumana ngentambo esikhundleni semihlathi egobile ukuze kugwenywe ukulimaza isampula futhi kubangele ukwehluleka kwefilimu ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
3. Ukungahambisani kahle kweketanga lomthwalo:
Ukuqondana kweketanga lomthwalo kungaqondwa kalula njengokuthi imigqa ephakathi yenzwa yamandla, i-fixture, i-adaptha kanye nesampula isemgqeni oqondile yini. Ekuhlolweni kokudonsa, uma ukuqondana kweketanga lomthwalo kungalungile, isampula yokuhlola izobhekana namandla engeziwe okuphambuka ngesikhathi sokulayisha, okuholela emandleni angalingani futhi kuthinte ubuqiniso bemiphumela yokuhlolwa.
Isixazululo:
Ngaphambi kokuqala kokuhlolwa, ukugxilisa phakathi kweketanga lomthwalo ngaphandle kwesampula kufanele kuhlolwe futhi kulungiswe. Isikhathi ngasinye lapho isampula icindezelwe, naka ukuvumelana phakathi kwesikhungo sejometri sesampula kanye ne-axis yokulayisha yeketanga lomthwalo. Ungakhetha ububanzi bokubopha obuseduze nobubanzi bokubopha besampula, noma ufake idivayisi yokubopha isampula ukuze kube lula ukubeka nokuthuthukisa ukuphindaphindeka kokubopha.
4. Ukukhetha okungalungile kanye nokusebenza kwemithombo yokucindezeleka:
Izinto zizoshintshashintsha ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kokuthamba. Amaphutha avamile ekulinganisweni kokucindezeleka (ukuguquguquka) afaka phakathi ukukhetha okungalungile komthombo wokulinganisa ukucindezeleka, ukukhetha okungafanele kwe-extensometer, ukufakwa okungafanele kwe-extensometer, ukulinganiswa okungafanele, njll.
Isixazululo:
Ukukhethwa komthombo wohlobo kusekelwe ku-geometry yesampula, inani lokuguquguquka, kanye nemiphumela yokuhlolwa edingekayo.
Isibonelo, uma ufuna ukukala i-modulus yepulasitiki nezinsimbi, ukusetshenziswa kokulinganisa ukufuduka kwe-beam kuzoholela kumphumela we-modulus ophansi. Ngalesi sikhathi, udinga ukucabangela ubude be-sampuli yegeyiji kanye nokushaya okudingekayo ukuze ukhethe i-extensometer efanelekile.
Ngemicu emide ye-foil, izintambo kanye nezinye izinhlobo, ukufuduka kwe-beam kungasetshenziswa ukukala ubude bazo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi usebenzisa i-beam noma i-extensometer, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uhlaka kanye ne-extensometer kuyalinganiswa ngaphambi kokwenza ukuhlolwa kokudonsa.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, qiniseka ukuthi i-extensometer ifakwe kahle. Akufanele ikhululeke kakhulu, okubangela ukuthi i-extensometer ishelele ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, noma iqine kakhulu, okubangela ukuthi isampula iphuke ebaleni le-extensometer.
5. Imvamisa yokusampula engafanele:
Imvamisa yokusampula idatha ivame ukunganakwa. Imvamisa yokusampula ephansi ingabangela ukulahleka kwedatha yokuhlolwa okubalulekile futhi ithinte ubuqiniso bemiphumela. Isibonelo, uma amandla aphezulu eqiniso engaqoqwanga, umphumela wamandla aphezulu uzoba phansi. Uma imvamisa yokusampula iphakeme kakhulu, izothathwa njengesampula ngokweqile, okuholela ekuphindaphindweni kwedatha.
Isixazululo:
Khetha imvamisa efanele yokusampula ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zokuhlola kanye nezakhiwo zezinto ezibonakalayo. Umthetho ojwayelekile ukusebenzisa imvamisa yokusampula engu-50Hz. Kodwa-ke, ukuze kube namanani ashintsha ngokushesha, kufanele kusetshenziswe imvamisa ephezulu yokusampula ukuqopha idatha.
6. Amaphutha okulinganisa ubukhulu:
Amaphutha okulinganisa ubukhulu afaka phakathi ukungalinganisi usayizi wangempela wesampula, amaphutha okukala indawo, amaphutha ethuluzi lokulinganisa, kanye namaphutha okufaka ubukhulu.
Isixazululo:
Lapho kuhlolwa, usayizi wesampula ojwayelekile akufanele usetshenziswe ngqo, kodwa kufanele kwenziwe ukulinganisa kwangempela, ngaphandle kwalokho ukucindezeleka kungaba phansi kakhulu noma kuphakame kakhulu.
Izinhlobo ezahlukene zesampula kanye nobubanzi bosayizi zidinga ukucindezela okuhlukile kokuxhumana kokuhlola kanye nokunemba kwedivayisi yokulinganisa ubukhulu.
Isampula ivame ukudinga ukukala ubukhulu bezindawo eziningi ngokwesilinganiso noma ukuthatha inani eliphansi. Naka kakhulu inqubo yokuqopha, yokubala kanye nokufaka ukuze ugweme amaphutha. Kunconywa ukusebenzisa idivayisi yokulinganisa ubukhulu ezenzakalelayo, futhi ubukhulu obulinganisiwe bufakwa ngokuzenzakalelayo kwisofthiwe futhi bubalwe ngokwezibalo ukuze kugwenywe amaphutha okusebenza futhi kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kokuhlola.
7. Iphutha lokusetha isofthiwe:
Ukuthi nje ihadiwe ilungile akusho ukuthi umphumela wokugcina ulungile. Izindinganiso ezifanele zezinto ezahlukahlukene zizoba nezincazelo ezithile kanye nemiyalelo yokuhlola yemiphumela yokuhlolwa.
Izilungiselelo kusofthiwe kufanele zisekelwe kulezi zincazelo kanye nemiyalelo yenqubo yokuhlola, njengokulayisha kusengaphambili, izinga lokuhlola, ukukhethwa kohlobo lokubala kanye nezilungiselelo ezithile zepharamitha.
Ngaphezu kwamaphutha avamile angenhla ahlobene nohlelo lokuhlola, ukulungiswa kwesampula, indawo yokuhlola, njll. nakho kunomthelela obalulekile ekuhlolweni kokucindezelwa futhi kudinga ukunakwa.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Okthoba-26-2024