Amakuru

Nk'igice cy'ingenzi cyo gupima imiterere y'ibikoresho, gupima imbaraga bigira uruhare runini mu nganda, ubushakashatsi ku bikoresho no guteza imbere, nibindi. Ariko, amakosa amwe asanzwe agira ingaruka zikomeye ku kuri kw'ibisubizo by'ibizamini. Ese wabonye aya makuru?

1. Imashini ipima imbaraga ntabwo ihuye n'ibisabwa mu isuzuma:

Imashini ipima imbaraga ni ingenzi mu igerageza ry’imbaraga, kandi guhitamo imashini ipima imbaraga ikwiye ni ingenzi cyane. Amakosa amwe akunze kugaragara arimo: kudapima ingufu, gukoresha imashini ipima imbaraga ifite intera idakwiriye, no gusaza imashini ipima imbaraga kugira ngo ikore nabi.

Igisubizo:

Ibintu bikurikira bigomba kwitabwaho mu guhitamo sensor y'imbaraga ikubereye hakurikijwe icyitegererezo:

1. Intera y'ibikoresho by'imbaraga:
Genzura urwego rw'imbaraga rukenewe hashingiwe ku gaciro ntarengwa n'akamaro gato k'imbaraga z'ibisubizo bikenewe ku cyitegererezo cyawe cy'ikizamini. Urugero, ku bipimo bya pulasitiki, niba imbaraga zo gukurura na modulus bigomba gupimwa, ni ngombwa gusuzuma neza urwego rw'imbaraga z'ibi bisubizo bibiri kugira ngo uhitemo urwego rw'imbaraga rukwiye.

2. Ingano y'ubuziranenge n'ubuziranenge:

Ingano zisanzwe z’ubuziranenge bw’ibikoresho by’imbaraga ni 0.5 na 1. Dufashe urugero rwa 0.5, akenshi bivuze ko ikosa ntarengwa ryemerwa n’uburyo bwo gupima riri hagati ya ± 0.5% by’agaciro kagaragajwe, ntabwo ari ± 0.5% by’igipimo cyose. Ni ngombwa kubitandukanya.

Urugero, kuri sensor y'imbaraga ya 100N, iyo upima agaciro k'imbaraga ya 1N, ± 0.5% by'agaciro kagaragajwe ni ikosa rya ± 0.005N, mu gihe ± 0.5% by'igipimo cyose ari ikosa rya ± 0.5N.
Kugira ubuziranenge ntibisobanura ko ubuziranenge bwose ari bumwe. Hagomba kubaho umupaka muto. Muri iki gihe, biterwa n'ubuziranenge.
Dufashe urugero rw'uburyo butandukanye bwo gupima, sensors za UP2001 & UP-2003 zishobora kugera ku buziranenge bw'urwego rwa 0.5 kuva ku gipimo cyuzuye kugeza kuri 1/1000 cy'igipimo cyuzuye.

Igikoresho ntigikwiye cyangwa imikorere yayo ni mibi:
Igikoresho ni cyo gihuza sensor y'imbaraga n'icyitegererezo. Uburyo bwo guhitamo igikoresho buzagira ingaruka zitaziguye ku bunyangamugayo no kwizerwa kw'ikizamini cyo gukurura. Ukurikije uko ikizamini kimeze, ibibazo by'ingenzi biterwa no gukoresha ibikoresho bidakwiye cyangwa gukoresha nabi ni ukunyerera cyangwa kuvunika urwasaya.

Kunyerera:

Ikintu kigaragara cyane ku gipimo ni uko icyitegererezo kiva mu gikoresho cyangwa ihindagurika ridasanzwe ry’imbaraga z’umugozi. Byongeye kandi, gishobora no gupimwa hakoreshejwe ikimenyetso hafi y’aho gifatirwa mbere yo gukora ikizamini kugira ngo harebwe niba umurongo w’ikimenyetso uri kure y’ubuso bwo gufatirwa, cyangwa niba hari ikimenyetso cyo gukurura ku kimenyetso cy’amenyo y’aho gifatirwa.

Igisubizo:

Iyo habonetse igitambaro cyo gupfunyika, banza wemeze niba agapfunyika gakozwe n'intoki gakomeye mu gihe cyo gupfunyika icyitegererezo, niba umuvuduko w'umwuka w'agapfunyika gafite umwuka ari munini bihagije, kandi niba uburebure bw'agapfunyika k'icyitegererezo buhagije.
Niba nta kibazo kiri mu gikorwa, tekereza niba guhitamo clamp cyangwa clamp bikwiye. Urugero, ibyuma bigomba kugeragezwa hakoreshejwe clamp ifite imisenyi aho gukoresha clamp yoroshye, naho plaque ifite imiterere minini igomba gukoresha clamps zifunga cyangwa zikoresha umwuka aho gukoresha clamps zikozwe mu maboko.

Kumena imisaya:
Igisubizo:

Urwasaya rw'icyitegererezo ruravunika, nk'uko izina ribisobanura, ruravunika aho ruba rufatanye. Kimwe no kunyerera, ni ngombwa kwemeza niba igitutu cyo ruba runini cyane, niba ruba rufatanye cyangwa ubuso bw'urusaya byatoranijwe neza, n'ibindi.
Urugero, mu gihe cyo gukora ikizamini cyo gukurura umugozi, umwuka mwinshi utuma icyitegererezo gicika ku misaya, bigatuma imbaraga nke n'uburebure buke; mu ikizamini cyo gupima, imisaya ifite irangi cyangwa iy'insinga igomba gukoreshwa aho gukoresha imisaya ifite imyenge kugira ngo hirindwe kwangiza icyitegererezo no gutuma icyitegererezo cyangirika vuba.

3. Kutagera ku murongo w'imizigo:

Uburyo umugozi w’umuzigo uhagaze bushobora kumvikana mu buryo bworoshye niba imirongo yo hagati ya sensor y’imbaraga, icyuma gifata, adaptateri n’ingero iri ku murongo ugororotse. Mu igerageza ryo gukurura, niba uburyo umugozi w’umuzigo uhagaze butari bwiza, icyitegererezo cy’ikizamini kizashyirwamo imbaraga z’inyongera zo guhindukira mu gihe cyo gupakira, bigatuma imbaraga zitangana kandi bigira ingaruka ku kuri kw’ibisubizo by’ikizamini.

Igisubizo:

Mbere yuko ikizamini gitangira, hagomba kugenzurwa kandi hakosorwe aho umurongo w’imizigo utari uwo mu bwoko bwa sampuli. Igihe cyose uwo mushinga ushyizwe, witondere imiterere iri hagati y’aho umurongo w’imizigo uherereye n’umurongo w’imizigo uhagaze. Ushobora guhitamo ubugari bwo gufunga hafi y’ubugari bwo gufunga bw’uwo mushinga, cyangwa ugashyiraho igikoresho cyo gufunga kugira ngo byorohereze gushyiramo no kunoza uburyo bwo gufunga.

4. Guhitamo nabi no gukoresha nabi amasoko y'ibintu bitera ububobere:

Ibikoresho bizahinduka mu gihe cyo gupima imbaraga. Amakosa akunze kugaragara mu gupima imbaraga arimo guhitamo nabi aho gupima imbaraga, guhitamo nabi extensometer, gushyiraho nabi extensometer, gupima nabi, nibindi.

Igisubizo:

Guhitamo aho ubwoko bw'ibinyabutabire bukomoka hashingiwe ku miterere y'ingero, ingano y'impinduka, n'ibisubizo bikenewe by'ibizamini.
Urugero, niba ushaka gupima modulus ya pulasitiki n'ibyuma, gukoresha uburyo bwo gupima imirasire y'amazi bizatanga umusaruro muto wa modulus. Muri iki gihe, ugomba gusuzuma uburebure bw'ingero n'umurongo ukenewe kugira ngo uhitemo extensometer ikwiye.

Ku mirongo miremire ya foil, imigozi n'izindi ngero, kwimura imiyoboro bishobora gukoreshwa mu gupima uburebure bwabyo. Haba hakoreshejwe icyuma gipima cyangwa icyuma gipima, ni ngombwa cyane kugenzura ko icyuma gipima n'icyuma gipima mbere yo gukora ikizamini cyo gukurura.

Muri icyo gihe, menya neza ko extensometer yashyizweho neza. Ntigomba kuba irekuye cyane, bigatuma extensometer inyerera mu gihe cyo gupima, cyangwa ifunze cyane, bigatuma ingero zicika ku cyuma cya extensometer.

5. Inshuro zitari zo gufatira ingero:

Akenshi inshuro zo gufata ingero z'amakuru zirengagizwa. Inshuro nke zo gufata ingero zishobora gutuma amakuru y'ingenzi y'ibizamini atakara kandi zigira ingaruka ku kuri kw'ibyavuye mu isuzuma. Urugero, niba imbaraga nyazo ntarengwa zitakusanyijwe, ingufu ntarengwa zizagabanuka. Niba inshuro zo gufata ingero ari nyinshi cyane, bizakorwaho ingero nyinshi, bigatuma amakuru adasubizwa neza.

Igisubizo:

Hitamo inshuro zikwiye zo gupima hashingiwe ku bisabwa mu isuzuma n'imiterere y'ibikoresho. Itegeko rusange ni ugukoresha inshuro zisabwa zo gupima za 50Hz. Ariko, kugira ngo agaciro gahinduke vuba, hagomba gukoreshwa inshuro nyinshi zo gupima mu kwandika amakuru.

6. Amakosa yo gupima ingano:

Amakosa yo gupima ingano arimo kudapima ingano nyayo y'icyitegererezo, amakosa yo gupima aho ibintu biri, amakosa yo gupima ibikoresho, n'amakosa yo kwinjiza ingano.

Igisubizo:

Mu gihe cyo gupima, ingano isanzwe y'ibipimo ntigomba gukoreshwa mu buryo butaziguye, ahubwo hagomba gupimwa nyine, bitabaye ibyo umuvuduko ushobora kuba uri hasi cyane cyangwa hejuru cyane.

Ubwoko butandukanye bw'ibipimo n'ingano bisaba imbaraga zitandukanye zo gupima hamwe n'uburyo igikoresho gipimira ingano giteye.

Ingero akenshi ikenera gupima ibipimo by'ahantu henshi kugira ngo igereranye cyangwa ifate agaciro ntarengwa. Witondere cyane inzira yo gufata amajwi, kubara no kwinjiza kugira ngo wirinde amakosa. Ni byiza gukoresha igikoresho gipima ibipimo cyikora, kandi ibipimo bipimwe byinjizwa muri porogaramu kandi bigapimwa mu buryo bw'imibare kugira ngo hirindwe amakosa mu mikorere no kunoza imikorere y'ibizamini.

7. Ikosa ryo gushyiraho porogaramu:

Kuba ibikoresho bimeze neza ntibivuze ko igisubizo cya nyuma ari cyo. Amahame ngenderwaho y’ibikoresho bitandukanye azaba afite ibisobanuro byihariye n’amabwiriza y’ibizamini ku bisubizo by’ibizamini.

Igenamiterere muri porogaramu rigomba gushingira kuri izi nsobanuro n'amabwiriza y'uburyo bwo gusuzuma, nko gushyiramo ibintu mbere y'uko bishyirwa ku rutonde, igipimo cy'igerageza, guhitamo ubwoko bw'ibarura n'igenamiterere ry'ibipimo byihariye.

Uretse amakosa akunze kugaragara ajyanye n’uburyo bwo gupima, gutegura ingero, imiterere y’ibizamini, nibindi bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku igeragezwa ryo gukurura kandi bigomba kwitabwaho.