Amakuru

Ibyumba byo gupimira ibidukikije ni ibikoresho by'ingenzi byo gupima mu nganda no gukora ubushakashatsi muri laboratwari, bikoreshwa mu kwigana ibidukikije bikomeye kugira ngo hamenyekane uburyo ikirere kidahinduka n'uburyo ibicuruzwa byizewe. Ukuri kw'amakuru y'ibizamini bigena mu buryo butaziguye ukuri kw'isuzuma ry'ubuziranenge n'imyanzuro y'igerageza. Mu masoko atandukanye y'amakosa, gupima ibikoresho nabi no gushyira ahantu hatameze neza ni byo bikunze kugaragara kandi bishobora kwirindwa. Iyi nkuru yibanda kuri ibi bibazo bibiri, isesengura impamvu zabyo, ingaruka zabyo n'ibisubizo byabyo.
I. Ingaruka z'ingenzi z'amakosa yo mu isuzuma

Amakosa yo mu igerageza yerekeza ku gutandukana hagati y’ibipimo by’ibikoresho byagaragajwe n’agaciro nyakuri cyangwa gasanzwe. Ashobora gutuma habaho gupfusha ubusa ikiguzi cy’umusaruro n’ingaruka zishobora guterwa n’umutekano mu mpera z’umusaruro, no kugoreka amakuru y’igerageza mu mpera z’ubushakashatsi. Amakosa aterwa no gupima no gushyira ibintu mu mwanya wabyo agize hafi 60% by’amakosa yose kandi ashobora kunozwa binyuze mu bikorwa bisanzwe, ari na byo by’ingenzi mu kugenzura ubuziranenge bw’ibizamini.

II. Amakosa aterwa no gukosora amakosa n'ibisubizo bidakwiye

(1) Impamvu z'amakosa

Kunanirwa gupima bituruka ahanini ku bintu bitatu: igihe cyo gupima cyarangiye bigatuma agaciro k'ibice bigihinduka; ibikoresho byo gupima bidafite icyemezo cy'ibizamini cyangwa ubuziranenge budahagije; hamwe n'ibisubizo by'ibizamini bidakwiye bitewe n'imikorere idakwiye.

(2) Ingaruka z'amakosa

Bitera ku buryo butaziguye itandukaniro hagati y’ubushyuhe n’ubukonje byagaragajwe n’ibisanzwe, bigira ingaruka ku bisubizo by’ibizamini by’ingero z’ibyitegererezo, bikongera ihindagurika ry’ibipimo mu cyumba, kandi bigabanya isubiramo ry’amakuru.

(3) Ibisubizo

- Genzura neza uruhererekane rw'amazi: Suzuma buri mezi 6 mu bihe bisanzwe, kandi ugabanye kugeza ku mezi 3 kugira ngo ukoreshe inshuro nyinshi cyangwa ahantu hakomeye, hamwe n'inyandiko zuzuye zerekana uburyo ibintu bikurikirana.

- Hitamo ibikoresho byujuje ibisabwa: Koresha ibikoresho bisanzwe byemewe kandi bifite ubunyangamugayo burenze ubwo ibikoresho, kandi urebe neza ko ari ingenzi mbere yo kubigenzura.

- Gutunganya imikorere: Gukorera ku banyamwuga, gufunga icyumba hanyuma utegereze imikorere ihamye mbere yo gusoma, hanyuma wongere utunganye niba gutandukana birengeje urugero.

- Kubungabunga ibice: Sukura ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa sensors na controllers mu gihe cyo gupima kugira ngo wirinde ko ibintu bihinduka bitewe n'umukungugu no gusaza.

III. Amakosa aterwa no gushyira ibintu mu buryo butari bwo no kubikemura

(1) Impamvu z'amakosa

Gushyira ahantu hatameze neza birimo umwanya udahagije ukikije, kuba hafi y'ubukonje n'ubushyuhe, ubutaka butaringaniye, n'ibidukikije bikaze bikikije (umukungugu n'ubushuhe bwinshi).

(2) Ingaruka z'amakosa

Bituma ubushyuhe n'ubushuhe bidakwiranye cyane mu cyumba, ahantu hadakwiranye n'igeragezwa ry'icyitegererezo, kwiyongera k'umutwaro w'ibikoresho no gusaza vuba.

(3) Ibisubizo

- Bika umwanya uhagije: Bika intera ya ≥30cm uvuye ku nkuta/inzugi/amadirishya na ≥50cm uvuye ku bindi bikoresho kugira ngo ubone umwuka mwiza.

- Irinde ibintu bishobora kubangamira: Shyira ahantu hadahinduka kuri 15-30°C, kure y'ibyuma bikonjesha, ibishyushya n'icyuho cy'inzugi/amadirishya.

- Shyira mu buryo butambitse: Hindura ibirenge byo gushyigikira kugira ngo ibikoresho bibe biringaniye kandi wirinde ikibazo cy'imitemberere y'umwuka.

- Kunoza ibidukikije: Hitamo ahantu hadafite ivumbi rihagije hamwe n'ubushuhe buri hagati ya 40% na 60%, kandi usukure buri gihe.

IV. Incamake

Ishingiro ryo kugenzura ukuri kw'ibizamini by'ibyumba byo gupimiramo ibidukikije riri mu gupima neza no gushyiramo ibintu mu buryo bukwiye. Mu gukora akazi keza mu gupima neza, gukora neza, gushyiramo ahantu hahagije n'ibidukikije bihamye, amakosa ashobora kwirindwa aho aturuka, kwemeza ko amakuru y'ibizamini ari ingenzi kandi kongerera igihe cyo gukoresha ibikoresho.