Iindaba

Ehlabathini lovavanyo lwemathiriyeli, ngakumbi iingubo kunye neepeyinti, ukuqonda ukunganyangeki kwe-abrasion kubalulekile. Apha kulapho oomatshini bokuvavanya i-abrasion (eyaziwa ngokuba ngoomatshini bokuvavanya ukunxiba okanyeumatshini wokuvavanya i-abrasivengena. Aba matshini benzelwe ukuhlola amandla esixhobo sokumelana nokukhuhlana nokuguga, nto leyo eyimfuneko ekuqinisekiseni ixesha elide kunye nokuqina kweemveliso ezahlukeneyo.

I-ASTM (i-American Society for Testing and Materials) iphuhlise imigangatho emininzi yokukhokela uvavanyo lwe-abrasion. Imigangatho emibini ephawulekayo yi-ASTM D2486 kunye ne-ASTM D3450, egxininisa kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zovavanyo lwe-abrasion.

Imigangatho ye-ASTM enokuthi isebenze kuvavanyo lwakho lokudutywa iquka:

I-ASTM D2486– Lo ngumgangatho wokuvavanya ukulinganisa ukuchasana kwepeyinti ukukhukuliseka okubangelwa ukukhuhla.

I-ASTM D3450-Le yindlela yovavanyo oluqhelekileyo lweepropati zokuhlambeka kweengubo zezakhiwo zangaphakathi.

I-ASTM D4213– Le yindlela esemgangathweni yokuvavanya ukuxhathisa kwepeyinti ngokulahleka kobunzima be-abrasion.

I-ASTM D4828– Le yindlela yovavanyo esemgangathweni yokuhlambeka okusebenzayo kotyatyazo lwendalo.

I-ASTM F1319– Le yindlela yovavanyo eqhelekileyo echaza inkqubo yokumisela ubungakanani bomfanekiso odluliselwe kumphezulu welaphu elimhlophe ngokuhlikihla.

I-ASTM D2486 ngumgangatho olungiselelwe ngokukodwa ukulinganisa ukuxhathisa kwengubo ukukhuhla umhlwa. Olu vavanyo lubaluleke kakhulu ukupeyinta kunye nabavelisi bokwambathisa kuba lulinganisa ukunxitywa kunye nokukrazula okwenzeka kwizicelo zelizwe lokwenyani. Uvavanyo lubandakanya ukuthobela umphezulu ogqunyiweyo kwisenzo sokukhuhla (ngesiqhelo ngesixhobo esikhankanyiweyo sokurhawuzelela) ukumisela isakhono sokugquma ukuxhathisa umonakalo. Iziphumo zibonelela ngeembono ezixabisekileyo ekomelezeni kokwaleka, ukunceda abavelisi ukuba baphucule imizobo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba iimveliso zabo ziyahlangabezana nokulindelwe ngabathengi.

I-ASTM D3450, kwelinye icala, ijongene nokuhlanjwa kweengubo zangaphakathi zokwakha. Lo mgangatho uyimfuneko ekuphononongeni ukuba kulula kangakanani ukucocwa umphezulu ngaphandle kokonakalisa isambatho. Uvavanyo lubandakanya ukusebenzisa isisombululo esikhethekileyo sokucoca kunye nokukhuhla umphezulu ukuvavanya ukuxhathisa kwengubo kwi-abrasion kunye nokukwazi kwayo ukugcina ukubonakala kwayo ngexesha. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kwiingubo ezisetyenziswa kwiindawo ezinabantu abaninzi okanye iindawo ezifuna ukucocwa rhoqo, njengamakhitshi kunye neendawo zokuhlambela.

Zombini i-ASTM D2486 kunye ne-ASTM D3450 zigxininisa ukubaluleka kokusebenzisa umhloli we-abrasion ukuqhuba ngokuchanekileyo olu vavanyo. Aba matshini baxhotyiswe ngeempawu ezahlukeneyo zokulawula iimeko zovavanyo, ukuqinisekisa iziphumo ezithembekileyo neziphindaphindwayo. Ngokusebenzisa iumatshini wokuvavanya i-abrasive, abavelisi banokufumana ukuqonda okunzulu malunga nokusebenza kweemveliso zabo kwaye benze izigqibo ezinolwazi malunga nohlengahlengiso lokuqulunqa okanye ukuphuculwa kwemveliso.

Ukongeza kule migangatho ye-ASTM, ukusetyenziswa kwabavavanyi be-abrasion akukhawulelwanga kwiipeyinti kunye neengubo. Imizi-mveliso efana neemoto, i-aerospace, kunye nolwakhiwo lukwaxhomekeke kuvavanyo lwe-abrasion ukuvavanya ukuqina kwemathiriyeli esetyenziswa kwiimveliso zabo. Ngokomzekelo, aba matshini bangasetyenziselwa ukuvavanya ukusebenza kweengubo zokukhusela kwizithuthi okanye ukunyanzeliswa kwempahla yomgangatho ukuqinisekisa ukuba bahlangabezana nemigangatho yoshishino kunye neemfuno zabathengi.

I-ASTMimigangatho yovavanyo lwe-abrasion, ngokukodwa i-ASTM D2486 kunye ne-ASTM D3450, idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuhloleni ukuqina kwepeyinti kunye neengubo. Ukusebenzisa umatshini wokuvavanya i-abrasion kubalulekile ekuqhubeni olu mvavanyo ngokufanelekileyo, ukubonelela abavelisi ngedatha abayidingayo ukuphucula iimveliso zabo. Njengoko ishishini liqhubeka nokubeka phambili umgangatho kunye nokuphila ixesha elide, ukubaluleka kovavanyo lwe-abrasion kuya kwanda kuphela, okwenza le migangatho kunye noomatshini bokuvavanya izixhobo eziyimfuneko kwisayensi yezinto kunye nobunjineli.