Amakuru

Mwisi yisi igerageza ibikoresho, cyane cyane ibishushanyo, amarangi, gusobanukirwa kurwanya abrasion ni ngombwa. Aha niho imashini zipima abrasion (zizwi kandi nkimashini zipima kwambara cyangwaimashini yipimisha) injira. Izi mashini zabugenewe kugirango zisuzume ubushobozi bwibikoresho byo guhangana no guterana no kwambara, bikaba ngombwa kugirango habeho kuramba no kuramba kwibicuruzwa bitandukanye.

ASTM (Sosiyete y'Abanyamerika ishinzwe ibizamini n'ibikoresho) yashyizeho ibipimo byinshi byo kuyobora ibizamini byo gukuramo. Ibipimo bibiri byingenzi ni ASTM D2486 na ASTM D3450, byibanda kubintu bitandukanye byo gupima abrasion.

Ibipimo bya ASTM bishoboka cyane ko byakoreshwa mugupimisha abrasion harimo:

ASTM D2486- Ubu ni bwo buryo bwo gupima ibipimo byo kurwanya amarangi ku isuri biterwa no guswera.

ASTM D3450- Ubu ni uburyo busanzwe bwo gupima uburyo bwo gukaraba bwimiterere yimbere.

ASTM D4213- Ubu ni uburyo busanzwe bwo gupima scrub irwanya amarangi kugabanya ibiro.

ASTM D4828- Ubu ni bwo buryo busanzwe bwo gupima uburyo bwo gukaraba neza.

ASTM F1319- Ubu ni uburyo busanzwe bwo gupima busobanura uburyo bwo kumenya ingano yishusho yimuriwe hejuru yigitambara cyera ukoresheje.

ASTM D2486 ni igipimo cyihariye cyagenewe gupima ubukana bwimyenda ya scrub ruswa. Iki kizamini ni ingenzi cyane gushushanya no gusiga ibicuruzwa kuko bigereranya kwambara no kurira bibaho mubikorwa byukuri. Ikizamini kirimo gushira hejuru yubuso bwibikorwa byo gutondagura (mubisanzwe hamwe nibikoresho byabigenewe) kugirango hamenyekane ubushobozi bwikimenyetso cyo kurwanya ibyangiritse. Ibisubizo bitanga ubushishozi bwingirakamaro kumurambararo, bifasha ababikora kunoza imiterere no kwemeza ko ibicuruzwa byabo byujuje ibyifuzo byabaguzi.

Ku rundi ruhande, ASTM D3450, ivuga ku gukaraba kwimbere yimbere. Ibipimo ngenderwaho nibyingenzi mugusuzuma uburyo byoroshye ubuso bushobora gusukurwa bitarinze kwangiza. Kwipimisha bikubiyemo gukoresha igisubizo cyihariye cyo gukora isuku no gukubura hejuru kugirango harebwe niba igifuniko kirwanya abrasion hamwe nubushobozi bwacyo bwo gukomeza kugaragara mugihe runaka. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane cyane ku mwenda ukoreshwa ahantu nyabagendwa cyangwa ahantu hasaba isuku kenshi, nk'igikoni n'ubwiherero.

ASTM D2486 na ASTM D3450 byombi bishimangira akamaro ko gukoresha ibizamini byo gukuramo kugirango bakore neza ibyo bizamini. Izi mashini zifite ibikoresho bitandukanye byo kugenzura imiterere yikizamini, kwemeza ibisubizo byizewe kandi bisubirwamo. Ukoresheje animashini yipimisha, ababikora barashobora gusobanukirwa byimbitse kumikorere yibicuruzwa byabo kandi bagafata ibyemezo byuzuye kubijyanye no guhindura imikorere cyangwa kuzamura ibicuruzwa.

Usibye aya mahame ya ASTM, ikoreshwa ryabapimisha abrasion ntabwo rigarukira gusa kumarangi no gutwikira. Inganda nkimodoka, icyogajuru, nubwubatsi nazo zishingiye ku gupima abrasion kugirango harebwe igihe kirekire ibikoresho bikoreshwa mubicuruzwa byabo. Kurugero, izo mashini zirashobora gukoreshwa mugusuzuma imikorere yimyenda ikingira ibinyabiziga cyangwa kwambara kwangirika kwibikoresho byo hasi kugirango barebe ko byujuje ubuziranenge bwinganda nibisabwa nabaguzi.

ASTMibipimo byo gupima abrasion, byumwihariko ASTM D2486 na ASTM D3450, bigira uruhare runini mugusuzuma igihe kirekire cyo gusiga amarangi. Gukoresha imashini yipimisha abrasion ningirakamaro kugirango ikore ibizamini neza, biha abayikora amakuru bakeneye kugirango banoze ibicuruzwa byabo. Mugihe inganda zikomeje gushyira imbere ubuziranenge no kuramba, akamaro ko gupima abrasion kaziyongera gusa, bigatuma ibipimo ngenderwaho hamwe nimashini zipima ibikoresho byingirakamaro mubikoresho bya siyanse nubuhanga.